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The Mark of the Beast
Rev. Herman Hoeksema To say that we are living in serious times would be to express a mere platitude. The present time is, of course, always serious, for in it God is working out His counsel and realizing His purpose with regard to the salvation of His Church and the coming of His Kingdom. But there are periods in which the significance of the times is more obvious than at other periods of history, because they are so crowded with tremendous events that their importance is impressed upon the minds and hearts of men, and because they remind the people of God more than at other times that this is the last hour and that their redemption draweth nigh. It is in such times that we are deemed worthy to live today. The red horse is running over the earth in every direction, obviously beyond the control of any man or power in the world, and the world is in the throes of a war (written at the time of the Second World War) as has never been witnessed before. The economic problem cries for a solution with ever greater emphasis, and its solution appears to be more remote than ever. We are told even now that we may expect a new world-order, in which freedom of worship and of speech, freedom from fear and from want shall be maintained, a world of peace and prosperity for all. But in the meantime the struggle between capital and labor, between the "haves" and "have-nots" becomes more bitter and intense as the days go by. And it becomes increasingly difficult for the faithful believer in the Lord Jesus Christ to maintain himself in society and to earn his daily bread, unless he will make common cause with the world and put on an unequal yoke with the unbeliever. In the religious sphere our times are characterized by apostasy. Modernism is rampant. By far the majority of churches in our land have long abandoned the truth as it is in Christ. They have become like the salt that has lost its savor, and which is good for nothing but to be cast on the dunghill and to be trodden under feet by men. The masses have become alienated from the Church, and those that still belong to her and attend divine worship on the Sabbath understand sound doctrine no longer. There is a mad pursuit of the things of this present world, rather than of those things that are above, and a hankering after the treasures and pleasures of this world that leaves room for little else in the hearts of men. Everything reminds us of the warning of Scripture in II Tim. 3:1-5:
Always, but especially in times such as the present, the Scriptures convey a twofold message to the believer that turns to them for instruction and consolation. First of all, the Bible comes with a message of comfort to all that love the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ. For all these things have been foretold, in order that we might believe when they should come to pass, and believing might have peace. In the light of the "more sure word of prophecy" we feel assured that God holds the reins, that He is working out His good counsel and realizing His purpose, and that this purpose is the salvation of His eternal, heavenly covenant. And we are not amazed or perplexed, for we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them that are the called according to His purpose, Rom. 8:28. And through all the turmoil and distress of the times we may lift up our head, assured that day of the Lord is near and that our redemption draweth nigh. Without committing ourselves to a prediction of "the day and the hour," we may safely say that our times impress upon our minds and hearts the nearness and fast approach of the clouds and every eye shall see Him. But, secondly, the Word of God also sounds a note of warning that before the final coming of the Lord the Church must expect dark and difficult days, a period of great tribulation for the people of God; and it exhorts us to be faithful even unto the end, that no one take our crown. For the "man of sin" must still be revealed, and the antichristian empire must be established for a time, and during that period there will be no room in the world for those that love the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ. There are, indeed, those who teach that the faithful Church will escape this great tribulation. Just before the reign of Antichrist and the last days of distress and persecution they shall be taken up in the "rapture" to be with the Lord in the air. But this is quite contrary to Scripture, and it is a dangerous doctrine because it fills the believers with a vain hope, which must needs end in utter disappointment and leave them wholly unprepared in the "evil day". Everywhere the Word of God warns the Church that the believers must expect tribulation even until the end. When nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom, and there shall be famines and pestilences and earthquakes in divers places, we may see in them the "beginning of sorrows". But the time will come, too, that they shall deliver up the true believers, and kill them, and that the Church shall be hated of all nations for Christ's sake; the time when many shall be offended, and shall betray one another, and hate one an-other, many false prophets shall arise and shall deceive many, and the love of many shall wax cold because iniquity abounds. And it is only they that shall endure unto the end that shall be saved. And they shall be days of great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world, nor ever shall be. And if it were not that the days were shortened for the elect's sake, no flesh should then be saved. Matt. 24:7-13; 21, 22. Cf. Mark 13:7ff.; Luke 21 :8ff. And not only does Scripture teach us that the faithful in Christ must expect tribulation, and exhort us to be faithful even unto death, but it would consider such persecution for Christ's sake an honor and a blessing. "Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely. for my sake. Rejoice, and be exceeding glad, for great is your reward in heaven: for so persecuted they the prophets that were before you." Mt. 5:11, 12. The apostles rejoiced that they were counted worthy to suffer shame for the name of Christ. Acts 5:41, And "unto you it is given in the behalf of Christ, not only to believe on him, but also to suffer for his sake," Phil. 1:29. Not to secure tribulation, but to suffer it gladly, for Christ's sake, to glorify God's grace through it, and to enter into the great reward of the faithful,--that is unto praise and honor and glory at the appearing of Jesus Christ. I Pet. 1:7. Every Christian that is at all acquainted with Scripture is able to find immediately the reference to the mark of the Beast in the Bible. It is found in the thirteenth chapter of the book of Revelation. In that chapter we have a rather elaborate apocalyptic description of the Antichrist and his reign and fury. It is not now our purpose to enter into a detailed exposition of this description, but only to recall the general features of it in as far as it is necessary for a correct understanding of the mark of the beast. The chapter presents the vision of two monster beasts, the one rising out of the sea, the other out of the earth. The former represents the Antichrist and his final empire from its political aspect. It is presented as a world-power that has universal sway. It is a kingdom or empire that embraces all the nations of the earth. This anti-christian beast, that blasphemes against God, His name and tabernacle, and against them that dwell in heaven, is the embodiment of the dragon, that old serpent, the devil, from whom it receives its power. And it is admired and worshipped by all that dwell on the earth, except by those whose names are written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. A universal, wicked, anti-christian State, therefore, is represented by the beast out of the sea. In its service stands the second beast, the one that rises out of the earth. It is this second beast that is interested in persuading all men to admire and to worship the anti-christian political world-power. This second beast is the "false prophet". It is the spiritual power of false science and false philosophy and false theology, using every means in its power, the spoken word, the press, the printed page, the radio, and all the wonders of science and invention, to mold public opinion in favor of the first beast. It is very persistent in its efforts. It cannot rest until the Antichrist is openly and publicly worshipped and admired, and it cannot tolerate those that refuse to bow their knees before this Baal of the latter days. And, therefore, it persuades men to make an image of the beast, some visible representation of the anti-christian almighty state, that all may make their obeisance to it openly. And for the same reason this false prophet takes care that no one's attitude over against the beast and its image can remain a matter of doubt. The distinction between those that worship the beast and those that refuse to worship him must become manifest to all. There must be no half-heartedness. Those that are opposed to the anti-christian beast and insist on being faithful of Christ must be exposed in order that they may be extinguished. For in the anti-christian empire there will be room only for those that worship the beast! The second means whereby the worshippers of the Lamb may be distinguished from the followers of the beast, the godly from the ungodly, is the mark of the beast. It is quite distinct from the first, not only in its character but also in its effect. The first means of distinction is the speech of the image of the beast, the second is a mark which everyone must receive and exhibit on his forehead or right hand; the former leads to the exposure and death of those that refuse to worship the beast, the latter to their expulsion from society: they cannot buy or sell. The latter, the mark of the beast, is, evidently, designed to supplement the former. the speech of the image. For the false prophet is, evidently, determined that absolutely every one without exception shall worship the anti-christian beast, and that in all the dominion of Antichrist no follower of the Lamb shall be left. To accomplish this purpose the speech of the image is not sufficient. It is conceivable that some, that many, may elude its detection. It will accomplish chiefly that the leaders of the Church, those that are called to preach the Gospel, to teach and to admonish the people of God, those who by virtue of their very position as leaders are called to confess the name of Christ and to denounce the name of Antichrist, are exposed and persecuted to the death. But this does not satisfy the false prophet. All must be exposed. And so he devises the mark of the beast, and "causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads." From this cunning device no man can escape. For the false prophet so arranges matters "that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name." The mark of the beast is very effective. It will, indeed, divide men into two clearly distinct groups and opposing camps: the followers of the Lamb and the worshippers of the beast. In those days one will be able to discern clearly between him that serveth the Lord and him that serveth him not. Let us notice, first of all, that this mark of the beast, although instituted by the State, must, nevertheless, be adopted voluntarily by every citizen, rich or poor, great or small. It is indeed, an invention of the false prophet. In this cunning and wicked mind it had its origin. But let us not forget, that the false prophet functions in the name of and in behalf of the first beast, the political power of the Antichrist. By his influence, therefore it beecomes a state-law, that all shall receive and openly exhibit (this is the meaning of "in their right hand, or in their foreheads") the mark of the beast. On the other hand, the state-law is of such a nature, that each man must make his own choice with regard to that mark of the beast. He must adopt it voluntarily. He must go after it. It is not even improbable that he will have to apply for it and pay for it. Just as it is a state-law that your car must exhibit a license when you drive it, and just as you have to apply and purchase that license; so in the days of the anti-christian empire it will be by decree of the almighty state that you must receive and exhibit the mark of the beast, but you will have to make your application in order to receive it. Only, the matter that will then be presented to the choice of your will is extremely serious, much more so than your application for an automobile license. For if you fail to make your application for the mark of the beast, you will not be able to buy or sell; while, if you do apply for this ensign you will have to swear that you call Christ accursed and that you are and always intend to be a faithful worshipper of the beast. By the cunning device of the false prophet, and the sword-power of the anti-christian State you will be placed before the alternative: deny Christ and worship the beast or die! But however great the strain of trial and temptation upon your will may be, it will be you that chooses for or against the mark of the beast! The thoughts of many hearts shall be revealed. And only the gold of God's own grace will come through the trial "unto praise and honor and glory at the appearing of Jesus Christ". The Meaning of the Mark, as such Let us consider, too, the mark of the beast as such and its meaning. From vs. 17 it is evident that the mark is the same as the name of the beast, and that the name is also the number of the name. This is especially clear if we adopt the rendering of the Revised Version: "save he that had the mark, even the name of the beast or the number of his name." It is clear, then, that the mark men are required to exhibit in their right hand or in their forehead consists of the name of the first beast, before whom and in whose name the second beast functions and exercises his authority; and it is equally evident that this name is represented by the number of the beast. An important question in determining the significance of this mark of the beast is: how are we to understand the term "name" in this connection? A very common group of interpretations explains the term as referring to the proper name of the Antichrist. They interpret this chapter and a large part of the book of Revelation as having had its historical fulfillment in the Roman Empire of John's day. It is the beast that rises up out of the sea in the vision. The name of the beast, according to this interpretation, is some proper noun, either of one of the emperors, such as Nero or Domitian, or of the empire itself. And the number of the name, according to this view, is the sum of the numerical value of the several letters of that name. A very commonly adopted interpretation belonging to this class is that which considers the "name of the beast" to refer to the name of the Roman empire, the name Lateinos. The numerical value of the several letters of this name in the Greek alphabet is as follows: L stands for 80, A for 1, T for 300, E for 5, I for 10, N for 50, O for 70, S for 200; added together these various numbers give the sum 666, the number of the name! The Meaning of the Mark of the Beast Consider now, the horrible meaning of the mark of the beast. For the mark is the name of the beast, and the symbolism of the number 666. The false prophet of the anti-christian in empire will, therefore, so exert his power, that by decree of the State all within the dominion of the Antichrist that is, in the whole world, must adopt and publicly exhibit that name of the beast! In this he reveals himself as anti-Christ, as the one that is opposed to the Christ of God and that intends to usurp the place of the latter. For Christ, too, gives a name to them that are His, the name of his God, and the name of the city of God, and His own a new name. And even in this world, through the efficacy of the name they receive of Christ, believers become manifest, in word and conversation, in confession and walk, in their worship and preaching of the Word, as belonging to Him with body and soul, for time and eternity. He purchased them with His own precious blood. and redeemed them from sin and death; he delivered them from the power of darkness and renewed them through His Spirit, so that they became like unto Himself. They bear His name. And by faith they adopt that name, and they exhibit it in the midst of the world. But by the instigation of the false prophet the Antichrist in the latter days will make a deliberate attempt to obliterate the very memory of the name of Christ from the earth, and to have it replaced everywhere by his own name: the mark of the beast! All citizens in his dominion, that is, all men, must display his name! Voluntarily, as a matter of their own choice, they must adopt it. And by adopting it they openly declare that they belong to Anti-christ body and soul, in life and death; that they admire and worship him, and put all their confidence in him. Such is the dreadful significance of the mark of the beast! |
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An Exposition of Revelation
by H. Hoeskema go to: Behold He Cometh |
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